Elemental Analysis

Based on your application's specific requirements, we collaborate with you to identify the ideal instrument solution for your laboratory. Our extensive portfolio includes, Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Whether you need a solution for routine analysis of a few elements with moderate sample quantities, high-throughput multi-element analysis, dedicated mercury analysis, or anything in between, we offer devices tailored to your application.

General information on elemental analysis

Elemental analysis, a crucial section of analytical chemistry based on atomic spectroscopy, is used for both quantitative and qualitative determination of chemical elements. This analysis is divided into two main types:

• Qualitative Elemental Analysis: Determines the exact components of a sample using various methods such as simple chemical procedures, spectroscopy, or chromatography.
• Quantitative Elemental Analysis: Breaks down the mass fraction or concentration of elements within a sample. Methods include mass spectrometric analysis, atomic absorption spectrometric analysis, and atomic fluorescence spectrometric analysis.

Analytik Jena offers a comprehensive selection of instruments for:

• Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS)
• Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
• Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES)

Distinction between elemental analysis and combustion elemental analysis

Elemental analysis is often confused with combustion elemental analysis, but there is a significant distinction between the two. Combustion elemental analysis focuses on the analysis of non-metals, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and halogens. In contrast, elemental analysis encompasses the entire periodic table, covering a broader range of elements beyond just non-metals.

Types of elemental analysis used in the devices of Analytik Jena

Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS)

Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) is a powerful technique used for both quantitative and qualitative analysis, primarily applied to solids and aqueous solutions. This method is based on the absorption of radiation by free atoms within the sample. Each element in the sample has a unique line spectrum, which can be identified through AAS, allowing for precise determination of the elements present.

AAS can be categorized into four sub-procedures based on the atomization method used:

• F-AAS (Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry): Utilizes a flame to atomize the sample.
• GF-AAS (Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry): Also known as A-AAS, this method uses a graphite furnace for atomization.
• CV-AAS (Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry): Specifically designed for the analysis of mercury, using a cold vapor technique.
• HR-CS-AAS (High-Resolution Continuum-Source Atomic Absorption Spectrometry): Employs a high-resolution continuum light source for enhanced accuracy and sensitivity.

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is an exceptionally sensitive analytical technique used to detect trace amounts of heavy metals, such as mercury, lead, and cadmium. In ICP-MS, a high-frequency electromagnetic field of argon gas generates plasma, which heats the sample to extremely high temperatures, vaporizing it. The atomic constituents released are then ionized, and the isotopes of the elements are measured.

This method allows for highly sensitive quantitative elemental analysis, capable of detecting concentrations as low as nanograms per liter. By integrating additional equipment, such as a laser ablation device, ICP-MS can perform very specific analyses. This non-destructive technique is particularly useful for examining historical artifacts.

Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES)
Emission spectrometry for elemental analysis is commonly known by several names, including flame spectroscopy, flame photometry, atomic emission spectrometry (AES), and optical emission spectrometry (OES). Analytik Jena devices integrate optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma.

Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) operates similarly to ICP-MS. A high-frequency electromagnetic field generates a plasma of argon gas, which excites the elements within the sample, causing them to emit light. This element-specific light is then detected and analyzed, allowing for both qualitative and quantitative determination of the elements present in the sample.

Atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CV-AFS)

Atomic fluorescence spectrometry is a is a measurement technique similar to Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). However, instead of detecting absorption, it measures the fluorescent signal emitted by the sample. This method is primarily used to identify even the smallest traces of mercury. The high sensitivity and reduced interferences of CV-AFS provide a significant advantage over AAS for mercury detection.

Areas of application of elemental analysis

Elemental analysis, a crucial aspect of inorganic chemistry, has evolved significantly since the early 19th century when methods to determine carbon content in samples were first developed. Over time, additional techniques have been established, enabling the analysis of various substances and advancing elemental analysis to its current state.

Elemental analysis is vital for scientific institutions and the chemical industry. Moreover, companies dealing with raw materials must regularly perform analyses for quality control and monitoring.

In agriculture, for instance, elemental analysis is used to assess soil conditions and determine the optimal concentration of fertilizers to enhance crop yield. Crops are also examined for quality and the presence of toxic elements.

The oil industry employs elemental analysis to monitor production processes and optimize products. By analyzing used oil for wear metals and additives, potential weaknesses in oil extraction and processing can be identified and improved.

Consumer protection is another area where elemental analysis plays a significant role. The pharmaceutical industry analyzes drugs, tap water is regularly tested, foods are randomly checked for quality, and companies commission tests for allergens in clothing and toys.

Elemental analysis is thus an essential component in various aspects of our lives, providing deep insights and knowledge that drive advancements in science, research, industry, and agriculture.

With Analytik Jena's devices for elemental analysis, you are well-equipped for all applications, from routine analyses to specialized analyses with high requirements. Our broad selection offers suitable devices and solutions tailored to your specific needs.

(source: https://www.laborpraxis.vogel.de/elementbestimmung-schnell-und-empfindlich-a-102776/)